FY 2020 Budget - Congressional Justification

• Organization Chart
• Appropriation Language
• Amounts Available for Obligation
• Budget Mechanism Table
• Major Changes in Budget Request
• Summary of Changes
• Budget Graphs
• Budget Authority by Activity
• Authorizing Legislation
• Appropriations History
• Justification of Budget Request
• Budget Authority by Object Class
• Salaries and Expenses
• Detail of Full-Time Equivalent Employment (FTE)
• Detail of Positions

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Department of Health and Human Services
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Mental Health

Organization Chart

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Appropriation Language

NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
National Institute of Mental Health

For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the PHS Act with respect to mental health, [$1,812,796,000]$1,560,422,000.

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NIH INNOVATION ACCOUNT, CURES ACT

(INCLUDING TRANSFER OF FUNDS)

For necessary expenses to carry out the purposes described in section 1001(b)(4) of the 21st Century Cures Act, in addition to amounts available for such purposes in the appropriations provided to the NIH in this Act, [$711,000,000]$492,000,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That such amounts are appropriated pursuant to section 1001(b)(3) of such Act, are to be derived from amounts transferred under section 1001(b)(2)(A) of such Act, and may be transferred by the Director of the National Institutes of Health to other accounts of the National Institutes of Health solely for the purposes provided in such Act: Provided further, That upon a determination by the Director that funds transferred pursuant to the previous proviso are not necessary for the purposes provided, such amounts may be transferred back to the Account: Provided further, That the transfer authority provided under this heading is in addition to any other transfer authority provided by law.

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Amounts Available for Obligation

¹ Excludes the following amounts for reimbursable activities carried out by this account: FY 2018 - $8,531 FY 2019 - $10,050 FY 2020 - $10,050

² Of which $43.0 million in FY 2018, $57.5 million in FY 2019, and $70 million in FY 2020 is derived by transfer from the NIH Innovation Account under the 21st Century Cures Act.

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Budget Mechanism - Total

Budget Mechanism - Total ^[1][2]
(Dollars in Thousands)

Mechanism	FY 2018 Final		FY 2019 Enacted		FY 2020 Presidents Budget		FY 2020 +/- FY 2019 Enacted
	No.	Amount	No	Amount	No.	Amount	No	Amount
Research Projects
Noncompeting	1,484	$791,480	1,518	$814,336	1,560	$871,375	42	$57,039
Administrative Supplements	(138)	19,887	(124)	16,604	(75)	10,000	(-49)	-6,604
Competing
Renewal	59	37,621	91	84,042	27	17,493	-64	-66,549
New	542	306,114	611	315,411	274	176,051	-337	-139,360
Supplements	1	120	1	138	1	56	0	-82
Subtotal Competing	602	$343,855	703	$399,591	302	$193,600	-401	-$205,990
Subtotal RPGs	2,086	$1,155,222	2,221	$1,230,531	1,862	$1,074,975	-359	-$155,556
SBIR/STTR	103	54,423	122	59,001	105	49,788	-17	-9,213
Research Project Grants	2,189	$1,209,645	2,343	$1,289,532	1,967	$1,124,763	-376	-$164,769
Research Centers
Specialized/Comprehensive	36	$66,838	32	$68,861	25	$54,332	-7	-$14,529
Clinical Research	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Biotechnology	0	50	0	50	0	50	0	0
Comparative Medicine	0	276	0	276	0	276	0	0
Research Centers in Minority Institutions	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Research Centers	36	$67,164	32	$69,187	25	$54,658	-7	-$14,529
Other Research
Research Careers	316	$53,427	337	$57,575	337	$57,575	0	$0
Cancer Education	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cooperative Clinical research	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Biomedical Research Support	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Minority Biomedical Research Support	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	62	38,339	79	47,646	62	37,641	-17	-10,006
Other Research	378	$91,766	416	$105,221	399	$95,216	-17	-$10,006
Total Research Grants	2,603	$1,368,575	2,791	$1,463,940	2,391	$1,274,636	-400	-$189,304
Ruth L. Kirschstein Training Awards	FTTPs		FTTPs		FTTPs		FTTPs
Individual Awards	233	$10,480	231	$10,492	231	$10,492	0	$0
Institutional Awards	479	26,452	482	27,633	482	27,633	0	0
Total Research Training	712	$36,932	713	$38,125	713	$38,125	0	$0
Research and Develop Contracts	180	$83,037	180	$85,318	142	$67,453	-38	-$17,865
(SBIR/STTR)(non-add)	(0)	(109)	(0)	(618)	(0)	(540)	(0)	(-78)
Intramural Research	287	181,946	296	194,674	296	170,793	0	-23,881
Res. Management and Support	263	83,944	267	88,239	267	79,415	0	-8,824
Res. Management and Support (SBIR Admin) (non-add)	(0)	(0)	(0)	(0)	(0)	(0)	(0)	(0)
Construction		0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buildings and Facilities		0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total NIMH	550	$1,754.434	563	$1,870,296	563	$1,630,422	0	-$239,874

¹ All items in italics and brackets are non-add entries

² Of which $43.0 million in FY 2018, $57.5 million in FY 2019, and $70 million in FY 2020 is derived by transfer from the NIH Innovation Account under the 21st Century Cures Act.

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Major Changes in the Fiscal Year 2020 President’s Budget Request

Major changes by budget mechanism and/or budget activity detail are briefly described below. Note that there may be overlap between budget mechanism and activity details and these highlights will not sum to the total change for FY 2020 President’s Budget request for NIMH. The FY 2020 President’s Budget request is $1,630.4 million, a decrease of $239.9 million compared to the FY 2019 Enacted level.

Research Project Grants (-$164.8 million; total $1,124.8 million)

Non-competing Research Project Grants funding has increased by $57.0 million. Competing Research Project Grants has decreased by 401 grants or $206.0 million. This reduction is distributed across all programmatic areas and basic, translational or clinical research.

Research and Development Contracts (-$17.9 million; total $67.5 million)

This budget activity has decreased by $17.9 million and will continue to fund research studies conducted by extramural universities and institutions.

Intramural Research Programs (-$23.9 million; total $170.8 million)

This budget activity has decreased by $23.9 million and will continue to fund innovative research studies conducted by the Institute’s intramural scientists.

Research Management and Support (-$8.8 million; total $79.4 million)

This budget activity has decreased by $8.8 million and will continue to support the oversight and management of scientific programs critical to fulfilling the Institute’s mission.

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Summary of Changes

Summary of Changes
(Dollars in Thousands)

FY 2019 Enacted				$1,870,296
FY 2020 President's Budget				$1,630,422
Net change				-$239,874
CHANGES	FY 2020 President's Budget		Change from FY2019 Enacted
	FTEs	Budget Authority	FTEs	Budget Authority
A. Built-in
1. Intramural Research:
a. Annualization of January 2019 pay increase & benefits		$66,440		$54
b. January FY 2020 pay increase & benefits		66,440		163
c. Paid days adjustment		66,440		251
d. Differences attributable to change in FTE		66,440		0
e. Payment for centrally furnished services		31,953		0
f. Cost of laboratory supplies, materials, other expenses, and non-recurring costs		72,401		1,838
Subtotal				$2,307
2. Research Management and Support:
a. Annualization of January 2019 pay increase & benefits		$40,560		$35
b. January FY 2020 pay increase & benefits		40,560		106
c. Paid days adjustment		40,560		153
d. Differences attributable to change in FTE.		40,560		0
e. Payment for centrally furnished services		6,876		-362
f. Cost of laboratory supplies, materials, other expenses, and non-recurring costs		31,979		774
Subtotal				$707
Subtotal, Built-in				$3,014

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CHANGES	FY 2020 President's Budget		Change from FY 2019 Enacted
	No.	Amount	No.	Amount
B. Program:
1. Research Project Grants:
a. Noncompeting	1,560	$881,375	42	$50,434
b. Competing	302	193,600	-401	-205,990
c. SBIR/STTR	105	49,788	-17	-9,213
Subtotal, RPGs	1,967	$1,124,763	-376	-$164,769
2. Research Centers	25	$54,658	-7	-$14,529
3. Other Research	399	95,216	-17	-10,006
4. Research Training	713	38,125	0	0
5. Research and development contracts	142	67,453	-38	-17,865
Subtotal, Extramural		$1,380,214		-$207,169
	FTEs		FTEs
6. Intramural Research	296	$170,793	0	-$26,188
7. Research Management and Support	267	79,415	0	-9,531
8. Construction		0		0
9. Buildings and Facilities		0		0
Subtotal, Program	563	$1,630,422	0	-$242,888
Total Changes				-$239,874

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Fiscal Year 2020 Budget Graphs

History of Budget Authority and FTEs:

Distribution by Mechanism:

Change by Selected Mechanism:

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Budget Authority by Activity

Budget Authority by Activity^[1]
(Dollars in Thousands)

	FY 2018 Final		FY 2019 Enacted		FY 2020 President’s Budget		FY 2020 +/- FY2019
Extramural Research	FTE	Amount	FTE	Amount	FTE	Amount	FTE	Amount
Detail
Neuroscience & Basic Behavioral Science		$731,327		$789,387		$687,147		-$102,240
Services & Intervention Research		148,730		158,153		137,669		-20,484
Translational Research		403,400		429,006		373,442		-55,564
AIDS Research		159,739		162,616		139,980		-22,636
Office of the Director		45,349		48,222		41,976		-6,246
Subtotal, Extramural		$1,488,544		$1,587,383		$1,380,214		-$207,169
Intramural Research	287	$181,946	296	$194,674	296	$170,793	0	-$23,881
Research Management & Support	263	$83,944	267	$88,239	267	$79,415	0	-$8,824
TOTAL	550	$1,754,434	563	$1,870,296	563	$1,630,422	0	-$239,874

¹ Includes FTEs whose payroll obligations are supported by the NIH Common Fund.

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Authorizing Legislation

	PHS Act/ Other Citation	U.S. Code Citation	2019 Amount Authorized	FY 2019 Enacted	2020 Amount Authorized		FY 2020 President’s Budget
Research and Investigation	Section 301	42§241	Indefinite	$1,870,296,000	Indefinite		$1,630,422,000
National Institute of Mental Health	Section 401(a)	42§281	Indefinite		Indefinite
Total Budget Authority				$1,870,296,000			$1,630,422,000

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Appropriations History

¹ Budget Estimate to Congress includes mandatory financing.

² Includes funds derived by transfer from the NIH Innovation Account under the 21st Century Cures Act

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Justification of Budget Request

National Institute of Mental Health

Authorizing Legislation:

Section 301 and title IV of the Public Health Service Act, as amended.

Budget Authority (BA):

	FY 2018 Actual	FY 2019 Enacted	FY 2020 President’s Budget	FY 2020 +/- FY 2019
BA	$1,754,434,000	$1,870,296,000	$1,630,422,000	-$239,874,000
FTE	550	563	563	0

Program funds are allocated as follows: Competitive Grants/Cooperative Agreements; Contracts; Direct Federal/Intramural and Other.

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Director’s Overview

The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is the lead federal agency for research on mental illnesses, with a mission to transform the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses through basic and clinical research, paving the way for prevention, recovery, and cure. The Institute supports basic, translational, clinical, and services research, including research with potential to improve clinical care over the short, medium, and long-term.

In the United States, an estimated 46.6 million adults suffer from a mental illness, which may be significantly impairing and life-threatening.¹ Mental and substance abuse disorders are the third leading cause of disability in the United States, accounting for 12.7 percent of all years lived with disability.² One of the most tragic outcomes of untreated mental illness is suicide. Suicide accounts for the loss of nearly 45,000 American lives each year; it is the second leading cause of death in youth and young adults aged 10-34, and the tenth leading cause of death overall.³

Transformational Tools and Technologies: To support the development of new tools and technologies to revolutionize our understanding of the brain, NIMH and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke co-lead the NIH Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative.⁴Early research from the BRAIN Initiative focused on producing more comprehensive and dynamic maps of the brain, deepening our understanding of how circuit activity produces an array of complex behaviors, and laying the foundation for understanding how brain circuitry is disrupted in brain disorders, including mental illnesses.⁵ As the BRAIN Initiative moves forward, NIH is engaging a BRAIN 2.0 Working Group of the Advisory Committee to the Director to assess progress to date and to identify emerging opportunities. NIMH is currently leading the BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) to provide researchers with a comprehensive reference of the diverse cell types in multiple species. The BICCN recently released its first large data set of over 1.3 million individual cells from the mouse brain and completed molecular profiling on 800,000 human brain cells.

NIMH also supports research on the development of tools and technologies to improve identification of individuals at risk for suicide. Because most suicide decedents have accessed health care services in the 12 months preceding death, health care systems can play a vital role in identifying individuals at risk and preventing suicide attempts.⁶ NIMH-funded researchers have demonstrated that brief screening tools improve providers’ ability to identify, in health care settings, adults and youth at risk for suicidal behavior.^7,8,9 One of these tools, the four-item Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) screening tool, helps nurses and physicians identify youth at risk for suicide. The ASQ is now being used in emergency departments, inpatient units, and outpatient primary care clinics around the country. Efforts are also underway to develop computerized suicide risk detection algorithms based on electronic health record data. The Mental Health Research Network (MHRN), a collaborative effort of NIMH, private sector health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and the NIH Common Fund, has integrated the electronic health records for 13 million patients with mental illnesses across 13 health system research centers for a population-based approach to research. Activities of the MHRN include developing and validating a risk algorithm to inform providers about patient risk for suicide following an outpatient visit.^10,11

Building on Basic Science: NIMH supports research that aims to understand the basic science that underlies mental illnesses. Advancements in neural circuit technologies, genomics, and drug discovery have allowed us to improve treatments for mental illnesses. NIMH-supported studies in circuit neuroscience have enhanced our understanding of how behavior is produced by neural activity. Through studies that leverage optogenetics, which uses light to alter neural activity, and pharmacogenetics, which uses designer drugs to do the same, researchers have identified neural circuits for learning about threats and rewards in the environment, and for controlling fear.^12,13,14,15

NIMH-funded researchers have also identified a large and growing number of genetic differences that are associated with mental illnesses. To further guide the Institute in setting priorities for genomics research, NIMH convened a working group of the National Advisory Mental Health Council.¹⁶ The working group recommendations addressed the need for appropriate statistical methods, rigorous significance standards, and well-powered, unbiased studies for gene discovery. The report also highlighted the need to carefully choose and enrich experimental systems to address both common and rare gene variants, and expand efforts beyond current diagnostic classifications. In addition, the working group recommended that studies should aim to capture genetic and phenotypic variation across diverse human populations. This need for diversity drives several NIMH-supported studies, whose findings now provide many examples of statistically rigorous and fully-replicated genetic links to schizophrenia, autism, depression, and other psychiatric disorders. NIMH participation in projects like the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3-Africa ) Initiative, is facilitating the study of genomics and epidemiological research in partnership with African scientific institutions.¹⁷

Discoveries in neuropharmacology have also helped advance the field toward better treatments. Recently, NIMH-funded scientists deciphered the molecular structure of risperidone – a widely prescribed antipsychotic for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other mental illnesses. This is the first study to elucidate precisely how risperidone binds to its primary molecular target in the human brain. This finding opens the way for the potential design of a new generation of antipsychotic drugs, with fewer side effects.^18,19

Exploring the Next Frontier: To truly advance therapeutics, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms underlying mental illnesses. The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) is NIMH’s framework to investigate the nature of mental health and illness in terms of varying degrees of dysfunctions in general psychological/biological systems.²⁰ While RDoC is currently a top-down, expert-driven approach, there is a critical need for bottom-up, data-driven advances to derive natural domains of behavior. Computational approaches, which allow researchers to describe and test how complex high-level phenomena emerge from interactions at smaller scale levels, will be useful in defining the RDoC domains, connecting them with neurobiology, and testing their clinical utility.^21,22 As such, NIMH supports research to validate RDoC constructs in the clinic, and to foster a novel biologically-based computational framework to identify and validate biomarkers and novel treatment, prevention, and recovery targets for mental disorders. For example, NIMH-funded researchers used a mathematical clustering algorithm to identify “biotypes,” different types of brain connectivity maps in people with depression, which may be used to refine diagnosis and guide treatment.²³ Further, big data initiatives (e.g., All of Us Research Program²⁴) offer great potential for computational approaches to integrate and continuously refine RDoC into a comprehensive tool that may revolutionize psychiatric research and practice.

As NIMH aims to advance neurotherapeutics to treat mental disorders and the functional domains or symptoms associated with these disorders, the Institute supports research to develop novel neurostimulation and neuromodulation devices²⁵ and interventions.²⁶ Examples of NIMH-funded research advancing neurotherapeutics include investigating noninvasive electrical brain stimulation to improve cognition in schizophrenia,^27,28 and testing a computerized intervention targeting cognitive control network deficits in depression.²⁹ These novel interventions aim to improve understanding of underlying brain mechanisms, and also to improve the functioning and outcomes for individuals living with mental illnesses.

Cultivating the Biomedical Research Workforce: To address longstanding challenges faced by researchers trying to embark upon and sustain independent research careers, NIH instituted the Next Generation Researchers Initiative (NGRI) policy.³⁰ In accordance with this policy, NIMH currently funds approximately 80 early stage investigators. One mechanism that NIMH uses to support early investigators is the Biobehavioral Research Awards for Innovative New Scientists (BRAINS). Since 2009, the BRAINS program has helped 79 extraordinary early stage investigators launch innovative research programs with the potential to transform mental health research. BRAINS support the person as well as the project; these awards afford an opportunity for early stage investigators to explore truly novel and potentially groundbreaking approaches, while providing a stable foundation from which to launch their future research programs.

NIMH also recognizes the importance of fostering diversity and talent in its workforce. The BRAIN Initiative, co-led by NIMH, issued funding opportunity announcements to enhance diversity in the neuroscience workforce and maintain a strong cohort of new, talented, independent investigators from diverse backgrounds in BRAIN Initiative research areas.^31,32,33 NIMH also continues to support the NIH Blueprint Enhancing Neuroscience Diversity through Undergraduate Research Education Experiences (BP-ENDURE) program. BP-ENDURE offers opportunities in neuroscience research for individuals from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups, individuals with disabilities, and those at economic disadvantage.³⁴

Budget Policy: The FY 2020 President’s Budget request is $1,630.4 million, a decrease of $239.9 million or 12.8 percent compared to the FY 2019 Enacted level.

Program Descriptions

Neuroscience and Basic Behavioral Science

The Division of Neuroscience and Basic Behavioral Science (DNBBS) provides support for research in the areas of basic neuroscience, genetics, basic behavioral science, research training, resource development, and drug discovery. In cooperation with other NIMH programs and the wider research community, this program ensures that relevant basic scientific knowledge is generated and used in pursuit of improved methods that, in the long term, could be used to diagnose, treat, and prevent mental illnesses.

DNBBS funds grants across a range of research topics to enhance understanding of the basic neurobiology underlying mental illnesses. In Fiscal Year (FY) 2020, DNBBS plans to support research to identify neurophysiological measures in model systems for use as potential assays in treatment development research. In addition, DNBBS will support studies focused on the links between the maturation of brain circuits and behaviors that occur during development, which allow for the emergence of cognitive, affective, and social behaviors that occur later in life.

Budget Policy: The FY 2020 President’s Budget request is $687.1 million, a decrease of $102.2 million or 13.0 percent compared to the FY 2019 Enacted level.

Translational Research

The Division of Translational Research (DTR) supports integrative, multidisciplinary research and training programs that translate findings from basic science to discover the causes, mechanisms, and trajectories of mental illnesses, and that develop effective interventions for individuals across the lifespan. DTR supports research on the characteristics of, and risk factors for, mental illnesses; the neurobehavioral mechanisms of psychopathology; the trajectories of risk and resilience based on the interactive influences of genetics, brain development, environment, and experience; and the design and testing of innovative treatments and interventions. As such, DTR-supported research efforts may have intermediate-term impact, and pave the way towards effective ways to treat and prevent mental illness.

One area of high priority for DTR is research to identify biological markers of risk/resilience and targets for intervention. To address this priority, NIMH recently funded a five-year study to understand how early life adversity shapes emotional, cognitive, and brain development.⁴⁰ This landmark study, which follows mothers and their infants over the first three years of life, characterizes development across multiple levels of analysis, from environmental risk to physiology to neural circuits to behavior. As a result, the study has the potential to define the contributions of modifiable factors (psychosocial adversity, inflammation, and early caregiver support) to the earliest indicators of risk for psychopathology and may pave the way for innovative early interventions. In addition, in collaboration with the NIH Office of the Director, NIMH awarded an administrative supplement to an ongoing longitudinal study of the neurodevelopment of irritability to also include a cohort of children born dependent on opioids.⁴¹ Irritability is a shared pathway to many early childhood psychopathologies and has been strongly associated with exposure to various substances. This timely administrative supplement will increase our understanding of how multiple early-life biological, environmental, and social factors confer risk for mental disorders.

Budget Policy: The FY 2020 President’s Budget request is $373.4 million, a decrease of $55.6 million or 13.0 percent compared to the FY 2019 Enacted level.

Services and Intervention Research

The Division of Services and Intervention Research (DSIR) supports research that evaluates the effectiveness of psychosocial, pharmacological, somatic, rehabilitative, and combined interventions to prevent or treat mental illnesses. DSIR refines and evaluates treatment and preventive interventions for children, adolescents, and adults, focusing on acute and long-term symptom reduction, remission, and improved community functioning. DSIR also supports mental health services research, including interventions to improve the quality and outcomes of care; organization- and system-level interventions to enhance service delivery; and, strategies for widespread dissemination and implementation of evidence-based treatments into routine care settings. DSIR funds studies that are designed to have near-term impact, targeted at improving care for patients currently suffering from mental illnesses.

To address the alarming rate of suicide among youth and adults, DSIR continues to support research efforts to leverage existing data from basic and clinical research, publicly available social media content, and electronic healthcare records to address questions about suicide predictors and/or outcomes. ^53,54,55,56 Some of these projects apply state-of-the-art computational approaches to conduct novel secondary analyses aimed at identifying biological, experiential, and other factors associated with suicide risk, and to ultimately inform targets and timing for intervention. In addition, some DSIR-funded projects use digital health technology which offers unprecedented opportunities to improve our understanding of mental illnesses, track the course of illnesses and recovery, and provide and enhance mental health care. Overall, these projects hold promise for improving the accuracy and timeliness of assessment, facilitating access and delivery of evidence-supported interventions to youth and adults with serious mental illness, and supporting providers in their use of measurement-based, research-informed care.

Budget Policy: The FY 2020 President’s Budget request is $137.7 million, a decrease of $20.5 million or 13.0 percent compared to the FY 2019 Enacted level.

AIDS Research

The Division of AIDS Research (DAR) supports research and research training that addresses the priority areas outlined in the NIH HIV/AIDS Research Priorities and Guidelines for Determining AIDS Funding. ⁶¹ DAR-supported research includes behavioral and social science studies aimed at reducing HIV/AIDS incidence through the development, testing, and implementation of new and improved prevention strategies, improving health outcomes of those living with HIV through improved linkage to care, and adherence to effective treatments. Behavioral and social science research is critical to understanding individual and community acceptance and uptake of prevention and treatment strategies, such that the delivery of these strategies is fully optimized, widely disseminated, and successfully implemented. Moreover, DAR research places special emphasis on World Health Organization-defined key populations, health disparities, and the impact of mental illnesses that may increase the risk for contracting HIV or negatively impact the health outcomes of those living with HIV.

DAR also supports research to understand, prevent, and treat the neurological dysfunction associated with HIV infection. DAR is participating in cure research by supporting studies to eradicate or silence the HIV virus from biological reservoirs in the central nervous system (CNS). HIV latency within the CNS is critically important to consider in studies of eradication and reactivation. Many drugs designed to eradicate the virus are unable to penetrate the CNS because it acts as a protective reservoir for HIV. This work may also inform methods to prevent or treat the neurological comorbidities of HIV, with targeted research to understand HIV-induced neurological pathology, with emphasis on long-term antiretroviral therapy. Additionally, DAR ensures effective integration of biomedical approaches and multidisciplinary expertise are considered in agency-wide planning efforts, to help achieve an AIDS-free generation.

Budget Policy: The FY 2020 President’s Budget request is $140.0 million, a decrease of $22.6 million or 13.9 percent compared to the FY 2019 Enacted level.

Intramural Research Programs

The Division of Intramural Research Programs (IRP) is the internal research component of NIMH, complementing the Institute’s extramural grant funding program. IRP scientists investigate basic, translational, and clinical aspects of brain function and behavior, conducting state-of-the-art research using unique NIH resources. In addition, the IRP provides an excellent environment for training the next generation of clinical and basic scientists.

IRP research teams are investigating innovative behavioral treatments and medications for children with severe mood dysregulation or anxiety and are using computational and multimodal neuroimaging approaches to understand adolescent depression. Other IRP scientists are exploring novel medications for treatment-resistant depression in adults, including ketamine and other experimental fast-acting antidepressant medications. Researchers are also working to understand the neurobiological underpinnings of suicide and developing suicide risk screening tools for use in medical settings.

In FY 2018, important scientific advances came out of the IRP. For example, researchers refined a high-resolution imaging method, laminar cerebral blood volume functional magnetic resonance imaging (CBV-fMRI), which allows measurement of human brain activity across cortical layers. Another IRP team further elucidated how the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus interacts with other brain areas in mediating behavioral responses to stress.⁶² IRP researchers also showed that the amygdala, a brain region associated with emotional processing, plays a central role in recognizing and guiding eye movement toward faces, important for social behavior.

Budget Policy: The FY 2020 President’s Budget request is $170.8 million, a decrease of $23.9 million or 12.3 percent compared to the FY 2019 Enacted level.

Research Management and Support (RMS)

Research Management and Support (RMS) activities provide administrative, budgetary, logistical, and scientific support in the review, award, and monitoring of research and training grants, and research and development contracts. RMS functions include strategic planning, coordination, and evaluation of NIMH programs, regulatory compliance, coordination of global mental health efforts, and liaising with other Federal agencies, Congress, and the public. Through RMS activities, NIMH continues to provide accountability and administrative support for meritorious basic, clinical, and translational research and continues to promote health information dissemination, education, and outreach activities.

Budget Policy: The FY 2020 President’s Budget request is $79.4 million, a decrease of $8.8 million or 10.0 percent compared to the FY 2019 Enacted level.

Budget Authority by Object Class

Budget Authority by Object Class^[1]
(Dollars in Thousands)

	FY 2019 Enacted	FY 2020 President's Budget	FY 2020 +/ - FY 2019
Total compensable workyears:
Full-time equivalent	563	563	0
Full-time equivalent of overtime and holiday hours	0	0	0
Average ES salary	$177	$177	$1
Average GM/GS grade	12.7	12.7	0.0
Average GM/GS salary	$116	$116	$0
Average salary, grade established by act of July 1,1944 (42 U.S.C. 207)	$0	$0	$0
Average salary of upgraded positions	$135	$135	$0
OBJECT CLASSES	FY 2019 Enacted	FY 2020 President's Budget	FY 2020 +/ - FY 2019
Personnel Compensation
11.1 Full-Time Permanent	45,266	45,438	172
11.3 Other Than Full-Time Permanent	23,689	23,779	90
11.5 Other Personnel Compensation	2,094	2,102	8
11.7 Military Personnel	0	0	0
11.8 Special Personnel Services Payments	11,370	11,414	43
11.9 Subtotal Personnel Compensation	$82,420	$82,733	$313
12.1 Civilian Personnel Benefits	23,816	24,267	450
12.2 Military Personnel Benefits	0	0	0
13.0 Benefits to Former Personnel	0	0	0
Subtotal Pay Costs	$106,237	$107,000	$763
21.0 Travel & Transportation of Persons	3,012	2,861	-151
22.0 Transportation of Things	159	151	-8
23.1 Rental Payments to GSA	0	0	0
23.2 Rental Payments to Others	0	0	0
23.3 Communications, Utilities & Misc. Charges	1,013	962	-51
24.0 Printing & Reproduction	59	56	-3
25.1 Consulting Services	11,324	11,220	-104
25.2 Other Services	29,084	27,667	-1,417
25.3 Purchase of goods and services from government accounts	169,026	140,312	-28,714
25.4 Operation & Maintenance of Facilities	4,774	4,773	-1
25.5 R&D Contracts	25,127	5,237	-19,890
25.6 Medical Care	136	135	-1
25.7 Operation & Maintenance of Equipment	2,730	2,593	-136
25.8 Subsistence & Support of Persons	39	37	-2
25.0 Subtotal Other Contractual Services	$242,239	$191,974	-$50,265
26.0 Supplies & Materials	6,020	5,719	-301
31.0 Equipment	9,493	9,018	-475
32.0 Land and Structures	0	0	0
33.0 Investments & Loans	0	0	0
41.0 Grants, Subsidies and Contributions	1,502,066	1,312,681	-189,385
42.0 Insurance Claims and Indemnities	0	0	0
43.0 Interest & Dividends	0	0	0
44.0 Refunds	0	0	0
Subtotal Non-Pay Costs	$1,764,059	$1,523,422	-$240,637
Total Budget Authority by Object Class	$1,870,296	$1,630,422	-$239,874

¹ Includes FTEs whose payroll obligations are supported by the NIH Common Fund.

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Salaries and Expenses

(Dollars in Thousands)

OBJECT CLASSES	FY 2019 Enacted	FY 2020 President's Budget	FY 2020 +/ - FY 2019
Personnel Compensation
Full-Time Permanent (11.1)	$45,266	$45,438	$172
Other Than Full-Time Permanent (11.3)	23,689	23,779	90
Other Personnel Compensation (11.5)	2,094	2,102	8
Military Personnel (11.7)	0	0	0
Special Personnel Services Payments (11.8)	11,370	11,414	43
Subtotal Personnel Compensation (11.9)	$82,420	$82,733	$313
Civilian Personnel Benefits (12.1)	$23,816	$24,267	$450
Military Personnel Benefits (12.2)	0	0	0
Benefits to Former Personnel (13.0)	0	0	0
Subtotal Pay Costs	106,237	107,000	$763
Travel & Transportation of Persons (21.0)	$3,012	$2,861	-$151
Transportation of Things (22.0)	159	151	-8
Rental Payments to Others (23.2)	0	0	0
Communications, Utilities & Misc. Charges (23.3)	1,013	962	-51
Printing & Reproduction (24.0)	59	56	-3
Other Contractual Services:
Consultant Services (25.1)	2,084	1,980	-104
Other Services (25.2)	29,084	27,667	-1,417
Purchases from government accounts (25.3)	121,640	90,857	-30,784
Operation & Maintenance of Facilities (25.4)	4,774	4,773	-1
Operation & Maintenance of Equipment (25.7)	2,730	2,593	-136
Subsistence & Support of Persons (25.8)	39	37	-2
Subtotal Other Contractual Services	$160,352	$127,907	-$32,445
Supplies & Materials (26.0)	$6,020	$5,719	-$301
Subtotal Non-Pay Costs	$170,614	$137,656	-$32,958
Total Administrative Costs	$276,850	$244,656	-$32,194

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Detail of Full-Time Equivalent Employment (FTE)

Office/Division	FY 2018 Final			FY 2019 Enacted			FY 2020 President's Budget
	Civilian	Military	Total	Civilian	Military	Total	Civilian	Military	Total
Division of AIDS Research
Direct:	13	-	13	13	-	13	13	-	13
Reimbursable:	-	-	-	-	-		-	-
Total:	13	-	13	13	-	13	13	-	13
Division of Extramural Activities
Direct:	42	-	42	43	-	43	43	-	43
Reimbursable:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total:	42	-	42	43	-	43	43	-	43
Division of Intramural Research Programs
Direct:	279	-	279	288	-	288	288	-	288
Reimbursable:	8	-	8	8	-	8	8	-	8
Total:	287	-	287	296	-	296	296	-	296
Division of Neuroscience and Basic Behavioral Science
Direct:	23	-	23	23	-	23	23	-	23
Reimbursable:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total:	23	-	23	23	-	23	23	-	23
Division of Services and Intervention Research
Direct:	15	-	15	15	-	15	15	-	15
Reimbursable:	-	-		-	-		-	-	-
Total:	15	-	15	15	-	15	15	-	15
Division of Translational Research
Direct:	25	-	25	25	-	25	25	-	25
Reimbursable:	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total:	25	-	25	25	-	25	25	-	25
Office of the Director
Direct:	136	-	136	139	-	139	139	-	139
Reimbursable:	9	-	9	9	-	9	9	-	9
Total:	145	-	145	148	-	148	148	-	148
Total	550	-	550	563	-	563	563	-	563
Includes FTEs whose payroll obligations are supported by the NIH Common Fund.
FTE's supported by funds from Cooperative Research and Development Agreements	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Fiscal Year	Average GS Grade
2016	12.4
2017	12.6
2018	12.7
2019	12.7
2020	12.7

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Detail of Positions

[Top]

¹ SAMHSA. (2018). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 18-5068, NSDUH Series H-53). Retrieved from https://www.samhsa.gov/data/

² Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool accessed July 2017.

³ CDC, NCIPC. WISQARS: http://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/index.html accessed October 2018.

⁴https://braininitiative.nih.gov/ 

⁵http://www.jneurosci.org/content/early/2018/06/19/JNEUROSCI.3174-17.2018 

⁶https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24567199 

⁷https://www.sprc.org/micro-learnings/patientsafetyscreener 

⁸https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8755416 

⁹ www.nimh.nih.gov/ASQ

¹⁰https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9538844 

¹¹https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29792051 

¹²https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-018-0073-9 

¹³https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-017-0009-9 

¹⁴http://www.nature.com/articles/nn.4414 

¹⁵https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4526462/ 

¹⁶ https://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/director/messages/2018/towards-a-genomic-psychiatry-recommendations-of-the-genomics-workgroup-of-the-namhc.shtml

¹⁷https://www.h3africa.org/ 

¹⁸ https://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2018/molecular-secrets-revealed-antipsychotic-docked-in-its-receptor.shtml

¹⁹https://www.nature.com/articles/nature25758 

²⁰ https://www.nimh.nih.gov/research-priorities/rdoc/index.shtml

²¹ https://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/director/messages/2017/computational-neuroscience-deciphering-the-complex-brain.shtml

²² https://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/director/messages/2017/rdoc-outcomes-to-causes-and-back.shtml

²³https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27918562 

²⁴https://allofus.nih.gov/ 

²⁵https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-18-942.html 

²⁶https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/rfa-mh-16-406.html 

²⁷https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9116564 

²⁸https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9544319 

²⁹https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9518140 

³⁰https://grants.nih.gov/ngri.htm 

³¹https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-18-814.html 

³²https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-18-813.html 

³³https://www.braininitiative.nih.gov/ 

³⁴https://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/bp_nih-supported_training/endure_programs.htm 

³⁵https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-brain-initiative-launches-cell-census 

³⁶https://commonfund.nih.gov/gtex 

³⁷https://www.genome.gov/10005107/the-encode-project-encyclopedia-of-dna-elements/ 

³⁸https://www.nimhgenetics.org/available_data/psychencode/ 

³⁹ https://www.nimh.nih.gov/funding/grant-writing-and-application-process/concept-clearances/2018/computational-methods-for-integrative-analysis-of-multi-omic-and-single-cell-data-to-elucidate-cell-type-specific-gene-regulatory-architecture-for-mental-disorders.shtml

⁴⁰https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9518320 

⁴¹https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9713716 

⁴²https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22123952 

⁴³https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27343889 

⁴⁴https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27566123 

⁴⁵https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28202961 

⁴⁶https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28592562 

⁴⁷https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-awards-nearly-100-million-autism-centers-excellence-program 

⁴⁸https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9560923 

⁴⁹https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9560901 

⁵⁰https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9560900 

⁵¹https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9388877 

⁵²https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9560919 

⁵³https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-MH-18-400.html 

⁵⁴https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-MH-17-608.html 

⁵⁵https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-MH-17-612.html 

⁵⁶https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-16-236.html 

⁵⁷ https://www.nimh.nih.gov/funding/grant-writing-and-application-process/concept-clearances/2018/secondary-data-analysis-to-examine-long-term-and-cross-over-effects-of-prevention-interventions.shtml

⁵⁸https://nimhd.nih.gov/about/overview/ 

⁵⁹https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-15-089.html 

⁶⁰https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/378834-how-does-the-world-bank-classify-countries 

⁶¹https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-15-137.html 

⁶² https://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2018/understanding-critical-components-of-the-brains-stress-circuitry.shtml